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Christianity in Russia is by some estimates the largest religion in the country, with nearly 50% of the population identifying as Christian. The largest tradition is the Russian Orthodox Church. By official information, there are 68 eparchies of Russian Orthodox Church.〔''Religion and mass media Institute of Russia site''〕 There are from 500,000 to one million so-called Old Believers, who represent an older form of Russian Orthodox Christianity, and who separated from the Orthodox Church in the 17th century as a protest against Patriarch Nikon's church reforms. According to the Slavic Center for Law and Justice, Protestants make up the second or third largest group of Christian believers, with approximately 3,500 organizations and more than 1 million followers. A large number of missionaries operating in the country are from Protestant denominations.〔''US State Department Religious Freedom Report on Russia, 2006''〕 In Russia today, about 280,000 associate with over 2200 congregations of Jehovah's Witnesses, and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reports over 20,000 adherents in 126 congregations. The Roman Catholic Church estimates that there are from 600,000 to 1.5 million Catholics in the country, figures that also exceeded government estimates;〔 meanwhile, a Russian government survey determined that there are only about 140,000.〔http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg〕〔http://sreda.org/arena〕 There is one Roman Catholic Archdiocese (Mother of God at Moscow) with three suffragan dioceses (Saint Clement at Saratov, Saint Joseph at Irkutsk, Transfiguration at Novosibirsk) and Apostolic Prefecture of Yuzhno Sakhalinsk.〔(GCatholic Directory )〕 The Russian "law on non-governmental organizations" taken effect in April 2007 requires non-governmental organizations (NGOs), including Christian churches, to register with state agencies, list their funding sources and provide records of all meetings. According to a 2012 Sreda Arena survey 46.6% of the Russian population is Christian, including 41% Russian Orthodox.〔(Arena - Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia ). 2012 National Survey of Religions in Russia. Sreda.org〕 There is no official census of religion in Russia, and estimates are based on surveys only. In August 2012, (ARENA ) determined that about 46.8% of Russians are Christians (including Orthodox, Catholic, Protestant, and non-denominational), which is slightly less than an absolute 50%+ majority. However, later that year the Levada Center determined that 76% of Russians are Christians,〔http://www.levada.ru/17-12-2012/v-rossii-74-pravoslavnykh-i-7-musulman Levada Center〕 and in June 2013 the Public Opinion Foundation〔http://fom.ru/obshchestvo/10953 Public Opinion Foundation〕 determined that 65% of Russians are Christians. These findings are in line with Pew's 2011 survey,〔http://www.pewforum.org/2011/12/19/global-christianity-exec/ Pew〕 which determined that 73.6% of Russians are Christians, with VTSIOM's 2010 survey (~77% Christian),〔http://wciom.ru/index.php?id=268&uid=13365 VTSIOM〕 and with Ipsos MORI's 2011 survey (69%).〔http://www.fgi-tbff.org/sites/default/files/elfinder/FGIImages/Research/fromresearchtopolicy/ipsos_mori_briefing_pack.pdf#page=40 Ipsos MORI〕 ==Demographics== According to a survey held in Russia by Sreda Arena, and published in 2012, 66,840,000 people in the country (46.6% of the total population of that time, of 142,800,000) identify as Christians.〔 This includes:〔 * 41% — 58,800,000 members of the Russian Orthodox Church; * 4% — 5,900,000 people identifying as Christians without belonging to any church * 1.5% — 2,100,000 people believing in Orthodox Christianity without belonging to any Orthodox church or belonging to non-Russian churches * 0.2% — 400,000 Old Believers * 0.2% — 300,000 Protestants * 0.1% — 140,000 members of the Catholic Church 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Christianity in Russia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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